
The preterite tense (el pretérito) is one of the most essential past tenses in Spanish. It’s used for completed actions in the past, such as:
- “Ayer comí pizza.” (Yesterday, I ate pizza.)
- “Ellos viajaron a España.” (They traveled to Spain.)
Whether you’re a beginner building your foundation or an advanced learner refining your skills, mastering the preterite is key to fluency. This guide breaks down regular & irregular conjugations, rules, and includes a free preterite tense quizzes to practice!
🔗 Pro Tip: Need quick conjugations? Try our Spanish Verb Conjugator Tool for instant results!
📝 Preterite Tense Conjugation Rules
1. Regular -AR Verbs (Hablar, Comprar, Bailar)
Pronoun | Ending | Example (Hablar) |
---|---|---|
Yo | -é | Hablé (I spoke) |
Tú | -aste | Hablaste (You spoke) |
Él/Ella/Usted | -ó | Habló (He/She spoke) |
Nosotros | -amos | Hablamos (We spoke) |
Vosotros | -asteis | Hablasteis (You all spoke) |
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes | -aron | Hablaron (They spoke) |
2. Regular -ER/-IR Verbs (Comer, Vivir)
Pronoun | -ER (Comer) | -IR (Vivir) |
---|---|---|
Yo | Comí (I ate) | Viví (I lived) |
Tú | Comiste | Viviste |
Él/Ella/Usted | Comió | Vivió |
Nosotros | Comimos | Vivimos |
Vosotros | Comisteis | Vivisteis |
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes | Comieron | Vivieron |
⚠️ Irregular Preterite Verbs (Must Know!)
Some verbs don’t follow the rules! Common irregulars:
Verb | Yo Form | Él/Ella Form |
---|---|---|
Ser/Ir | Fui | Fue |
Hacer | Hice | Hizo |
Dar | Di | Dio |
Ver | Vi | Vio |
Tener | Tuve | Tuvo |
Example: “Yo fui al cine ayer.” (I went to the movies yesterday.)
🎯 When to Use the Preterite Tense
✅ Completed actions (“Comí a las 8.”)
✅ Single events (“Viajé a México.”)
✅ Specific times/dates (“Nació en 2005.”)
🚫 Not for ongoing/habitual past actions (use the imperfect instead).
📌 Regular -AR Verb Examples (Hablar – to speak)
Spanish | English |
---|---|
Yo hablé con mi madre ayer. | I spoke with my mother yesterday. |
Tú hablaste muy rápido. | You spoke very fast. |
Él habló con el profesor. | He talked to the teacher. |
Nosotros hablamos por horas. | We talked for hours. |
Ellos hablaron de negocios. | They talked about business. |
📌 Regular -ER Verb Examples (Comer – to eat)
Spanish | English |
---|---|
Yo comí una hamburguesa. | I ate a hamburger. |
Tú comiste demasiado postre. | You ate too much dessert. |
Ella comió en ese restaurante. | She ate at that restaurant. |
Nosotros comimos paella. | We ate paella. |
Ustedes comieron temprano. | You all ate early. |
📌 Regular -IR Verb Examples (Vivir – to live)
Spanish | English |
---|---|
Yo viví en México. | I lived in Mexico. |
Tú viviste una aventura. | You lived an adventure. |
Él vivió aquí 5 años. | He lived here for 5 years. |
Nosotros vivimos felices. | We lived happily. |
Ellas vivieron en España. | They (f) lived in Spain. |
⚠️ Irregular Verb Examples
Verb | Spanish Example | English |
---|---|---|
Ser/Ir | Yo fui al médico. | I went to the doctor. |
Hacer | Ella hizo la tarea. | She did the homework. |
Tener | Tú tuviste suerte. | You were lucky. |
Ver | Nosotros vimos la película. | We saw the movie. |
Dar | Ellos me dieron un regalo. | They gave me a gift. |
🔍 Real-Life Usage Examples
- Viaje
“El año pasado viajé a Colombia.”
(Last year I traveled to Colombia.) - Cumpleaños
“Mis amigos vinieron a mi fiesta.”
(My friends came to my party.) - Compra
“Compré este vestido la semana pasada.”
(I bought this dress last week.) - Evento histórico
“Colón llegó a América en 1492.”
(Columbus arrived in America in 1492.)
💡 Pro Tip for Learners
Notice how trigger words often accompany the preterite:
- ayer (yesterday)
- la semana pasada (last week)
- anoche (last night)
- el año pasado (last year)
- de repente (suddenly)
Example:
“Terminé el libro anoche.” (I finished the book last night.)
The preterite tense is a cornerstone of Spanish grammar—whether you’re just starting out or polishing your skills. Bookmark this guide, take the quizzes, and use our free Spanish Conjugation tool to boost your confidence. ¡Practica mucho! 🚀
Spanish Preterite Tense Quiz: Regular Verbs
Test your knowledge of regular -AR, -ER, and -IR verbs in the preterite tense. Choose the correct conjugation for each sentence.
Spanish Preterite Tense Quiz: Irregular Verbs
Challenge yourself with these irregular preterite conjugations. Select the correct form for each sentence.